Electric starter for internal-combustion engines



' fam? Apfi'l v13 11926.

A l 1,580,636 K, A.BARENY|- v 1 I ELECTRIC STARTER Fon. I'NTERNALvcoMBusTI'oN'ENGINES Filed may 12, 1924 2 sheets-sheet 1 wifhfesses:

Har/mys.

April 131,'v 19626.

ELECTRIC STARTER FOR INTERNAL conmus'rnm ENGINES Fled'uay 12,11924 2 sheets-sheet z ji'forn Hy.

IJ1N-LCETEREELDE GERMANY.

ELECTRIC EUR@ INTEENArCOlL-BUSTXON ENGNES.

Application @ieri Flay 12,

My invention relates to improvements in I electric starters for internal combustion eugines and the power transmission gearing provided in the said starter, and the object Y of the improvements is to provide a gearing Which is compact in construction, which has a. high gear ratio, which comprises a. small number of gear Wheels, and which has a high ei'iioiency. `With this Object in view l provide a pair or pairs of coaxial intermediate bevel gears ot different diameters mounted on a common a-Xis disposed angu-A larly ot the driving and driven shafts, the bevel gear Wheel of larger diameter meshing wth a bevel gear ot small diameter mounted on one of said, shattsand thebevel gear Wheel ot smaller diameter meshing" with a bevel gear Wheel ot large diameter mounted on the other shaft, and the intermedi-ate gear Wheel of larger diameter being located between the aXis'ot the driving and driven shafts and the intermediate gear Wheel of smaller diameter.

My improved power transmission gearing` may be used inmany cases Where a high gear ratio, a small number et gear Wheels and high efficiency are desired an d Where the Whole structure n'xust he provided Within a small space, iin in'iportant field ot application ot the gearing are electa" l, tor internal combustion engines. is known, in electric starters provided on motor vehicles and constructed tor starting the en gine, charging a sto-rage battery and supplying energy 'to the electric lighting system and the igniting apparatus, there is ordinarily little room for disposing the starten Therefore the' dimensions the ing system must be reduced as far as ,Qin the other ha L l''e' Serial No. 712,914.

iiciency ofthe gearing connecting the starter and the enoine must be high. These conditions are satisfied by my improved gearing.

For the purpose tion l shall ydescribe the same as`r embodied in an elect-ric starter for internal combustion engines. l3nt I ivish it to be' understood that my invention is not limited to the use ot the gearing in connection with an electric starter. in the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a. longitudinal horizontal section ot the electric starter and the gearing connected therewith,

Eig. 2, is a cross-section taken on `the line 2- 2 ot Fig. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows, and A Fig. 3, isa diagrammatical elevation shoiv ing the start-er and an internal combustion engine.

VrEhe general construction of. the starting system is known in the art and it has been described in detail in the patent of the United States No. 1,487,193 granted to me March 18, 1924-. Therefore l deem it not necessary to describe the electrical part ot of explaining the inventhe Ysystem in detail, a general referenceL to the mainparts being sutticientto give a clear understanding ot the electric apparatas. f

In the example shown in the drawings the electric part Otk the system and the transmission gearing are mounted in a cylindrical casing 1 having held poles 2 secured thereto. The

armature 3 and its commutator el. are secured 'to a shaft 5 mounted near its end in an antifriction bearing 13 disposed 'Within the cylindrical portion 14 ot a member 14, 25, 2G. rlllie portion .l/-t is mounted in an antiatrietion bearingl disposed within a ring 37 secured to the casing 1. Coanially ot the shaft 5 a shaft 6 is mounted in an lantit'ricm` tion bearing 23, and is made integral or connected with the crank shaftt ot an intern-al combustion engine 28. The sha-tt t3 is formed with an axial bore having a bushing Q9 litted therein and providing a bearing 'he reduced end M5' jot the shaft 5. To

for the end ot the shaft 5 bevel gear or pinion 7 1s cured to a tlai'i'ge 30 of the ad; is end ortho shaft 'tbevel gear 8 the l the same transverse plano as the teeth of the pinion 7.

Between the flange and the cylinder 26 there isf anv anti-frictionbearingjltl providing a second support for the member 14, 25, 26. To the said member inclined shafts 12 are secured Which are provided with bushings 31 having tubular members 11 rotatably mounted thereom, which members are made integral each with a bevel gear 9 and a bevel gear or pinion 10, thel bevel gear; 9 meshing with the pinion 7, and the pinion 10With the bevel gear 8;, 'Ehe cylindrical:` portion26 is formeds with circumferential ratchet teeth 17v adapted tobe engaged by a paivl 18 mountedA in a cap 19 secured to the casing 1 andadapted to lock the annular member 14", 25, 26 as againstv rotation; in` anti-clockwise direction and permiting rotation in clockwise directionf. To the cylindrical portion 14: a ring 32 formed with ratchet teetlris secured whichl cooperates with a ring 333 formed with correspondingratchet teeth and longitudinally slidable but non-rotatable on the shaft 5. The ratchet teeth on tliefsaid rings are constructed so that rotary movement of the shaft 5: in clockwise direction is not transmitted therethrough to the member 14, 25,

26, While clockwise rotary movement of the;V member la, 25, 26 is transmittedl tothe shaft.

5. The ring isacted upon] byl a spring 34: bearing on a ring 35 and tending to force the ratchet teeth of` thering 33 into engagement with the ratchet teeth of the ring 32. 'Ehering 35 is provided With clutch. teeth 36 cooperating with clutch teeth 3.7i' formedi onl the cylindricah portion 14, and it is adapted. to be shifted with its-teeth, into coupling enlowszflfor starting the. internal combustiony engine current supplied tofthe'afrmature 3, which acts as a motor :uid is rotatedy in clocl'o wise direction. The teeth of the rings and? 33 are constructed so that they do notv couplethe shaft 5 with; the cylindrical; portion l/lf. The rotary movement of the shaftl 5 istransmittedi by the pinion. 7 to` thegears 9i and 19a By reason of the reaction of the engine such` rotary movement of tl'iegear 1,0 tends to cause planetary movement ofi the gears 9, 10 and the annular memberf'l, 25, 26. in anti-clockwise direction, which planetary movement is prevented by the paivl 18y permitting only clockwise rotation of the said annular member. Therefore the pinshaft 6.

space.

by reason of the resistance of the armature 3 Y such increased velocity is not transmitted to the shaft 5, but the gear 8 carries 'around the pinions 10 which therefor-eperform planetary increment in clockwise direction and carry along the annular member 14, 25,V 26 which is novvl coupled by the teeth 32, 33 with the shaft 5 whereupon power is transmitted from the shaftf through the annular membery let, 25, 2.6 to the shaft 5. n

For starting the enginefby hand the ring 35V is shifted to the left. and intoV engagement Wit-h J:he teeth 37" formed. on the member 14y the. rotary movement of vwhich is directly transmitted to the flange; 30 of the lnI the description no reference has been made to the electric connectionI off' the armature becausemy, invention has reference only to the power transmission gearing and its connection.y with the electric system. The operation ofthe electrical system has been described! inmy aforesaid patent.

By' construct-ing: the planet gears 9 10 in the manner described With their: axes 12 angiilanly ofthe anis ofthe'driving andfdriyen shafts 5 and 6 and with the gear 9 oflarge diameter meshing with the: gear il of small diameterY and the small gear 1() meshing Withthe large gear 8- a; compacttransmission gearing is obtained, because the large gear 9 does not project beyond the circumference of the gear 8. As appears from the drawing the gea-r 9 1nayl have a large cianieter without projecting beyond the circuinifciience of the gear 8, the pinion 10 `projects onlyr slightly beyond the said circumference, and

the gears 7. and- 3- are disposed within the same transverse plane.. rllhus a gearing of high geni: ratio.l is disposed Within a small rlhe gear wheels 3V and 150 may be constructed. with strong teeth adapted to transmit high power.

llt will be understood that n'iy improved power transmissioir gearingis suitable for user in connection with many 'systems in which compact structure and` high` gear ratio are desired. hn important fieldset applica` tion are starters for internat combustion en ginas mounted on motor vehicles. Such systems must be disposed within a very .small space. rliherefiore the dimensions ofthe apn paratus must be reduced to a minimum. On. the other'handi the electric machine must beV able toitransmit a large terquetothe engine, which means high gear ratio 'and high elfilll() lll Ciency. My improved gearing answers to these requirements. `S'Tfhen genen-ating electric energy as Well as when starting the engine the main pressure is exerted on the teeth of the gears l0 and 8 which can be made very strong. Ihen starting the engine the pressure on the teeth of the gears 7 and 9 is comparatively low, and when generating current no pressure is exerted on the said teeth, the power being transn'iitted directly through the annular member lll, 25, 25.

Vilhile in describing the invention reference has been made to a particular example embodying the .same I Wish it to be understood that my invention is not limited to the construction shown in the drawings, and that various changes may be made in the general arrangement of the apparatus and the construction of its parts Without departing from the invention.

I claim:

l. In a gearing, the combination, Withtwo .shafts in axial alinement With each other, of bevel gears of different diameters respectively mounted on said shafts, and coaxial bevel gears of dierent diameters connected s With each other and having their axis disposed angularly of the axis of said shafts, the larger bevel gear of the coaxial gears meshing with the smaller bevel gear on one of said shafts and the smaller bevel gear of the coaxial gears meshing with the larger bevel gear on the other one of said shafts.

2. In a gearing, the combination, with two shafts in axial alinement with each other, of bevel gears of different diameters respectively mounted on said shafts substantially Within the .same transverse plane, and eoaxial bevel gears of different diameters cennected With each other and having their axis disposed angularly of the axis of said shafts, the larger bevel gear of the coaxial gears meshing With the .smaller bevel gear on one of said shafts and the smaller bevel gear of the coaxial gears meshing with the larger bevel gear on the other one of said shafts.

3. In an electric start-er for internal combustion engines, the combination, with an electric machine and its shaft, and a shaft for starting an internal combustion engine, of a bevel gear secured to said armature shaft, a bevel gear larger in diameter than said `gear on the armature shaft and mounted on said shaft for starting the engine, and a pair of coaxial bevel gears of different diameters mounted on a shaft disposed angularly of said armature and engine shafts, and meshing the gea-r Wheel of smaller diameter with the gear Wheel on the engine shaft and the gear Wheel of larger diameter with the gear wheel on the armature shaft.

Ll. In an electric starter for internal combustion engines, the combination, with an electric machine and its shaft, and a shaft tially in the same transverse plane, and a pai r of coaxial bevel gears of different diameters mounted on a shaft disposed angularly of said armature land engine shafts and meshing the gear Wheel of smaller diameter with the gear Wheel on the engine shaft and the gear Wheel of larger diameter with the gear wheel on the armature shaft.

5. In an electric starter for internal combustion engines, the con'ibination, with an electric n'iachine and .its shaft, and a shaft for starting an internal combustion engine, of a bevel gear secured to said armature shaft, a bevel gear larger in diameter than said gear on the armature shaft and mounted on said shaft for starting the engine, a`

pair of coaxial bevel gears of different diameters mounted on a shaft disposed angularly of said armature and engine shafts and meshing the gear Wheel of smaller diameter with the gear wheel on the engine shaft and the gear Wheel of larger diameter With the gear Wheel on the armature shaft, a member having said coaxial gears mounted thereon and rotatable coaxially ofsaid armature and engine shafts, and means to lock said member as against rotation in one direction.

' 6. In an electric starter for internal com# bustion engines, the combination, with an electric machine and its shaft, and a shaft for starting an internal combustion engine, of a bevel gear secured to said armature shaft, a bevel gear larger in diameter than said gear on the armature shaft and mounted on said shaft for starting the engine, a pair of coaxial bevel gears of different diameters mounted on a shaft disposed angularly of said armature and engine shafts and meshing the gear Wheel of smaller diameter Witlrthe gear Wheel on the engine shaft and the gear Wheel of larger diameter with the gear Wheel on the armature shaft, a member' having said coaxial gears mounted thereon and rotatable coaxially of said armature and engine shafts, means to lock said member as against rotation in one direction, and a clutch operative in ouedirection only for coupling said member With the armature shaft for transmitting power thereto.

7. In an electric starter for internal combustion engines, the combination, with an electric machine and its shaft, and a shaft for starting an internal combustion engine, of a bevel gear secured to said armature shaft, a bevel gear larger in diameter than said gear en the armature shaft and nrcan?n ed on said shaft for starting the engine, a

pair of coaxial bevel gears of dierent diameters mounted on a shaft disposed angularlyof said armature and engine shafts, and meshing the gear Wheel of Smaller diameter With the gear Wheel on the engine Shaft andthe gear Wheel of larger diameter IWith the gear Wheel on the armature shaft,

a distributor and'finterrupter and a gear conneotedtherewith, and a gear on. said engine shaft meshing with said gear of the distributor and interrupter.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflifx my signature. Y

K. ARPAD E AREl\TYI.v 

